Question 1

Shigatoxin is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  endemic nephropathy.
B)  urinary tract infection.
C)  edema.
D)  hemolytic uremic syndrome.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Which choice describes the countercurrent mechanism of the nephron loop?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water moves out of the ascending limb;sodium moves in the ascending limb
B)  Water moves in the ascending limb;sodium moves out of the ascending limb
C)  Water moves out of the descending limb;sodium moves out of the ascending limb
D)  Water moves in the descending limb;sodium moves out of the descending limbE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Filtration rate in the glomerulus is increased by

Accepted Answer

A)  vasodilation of the afferent arteriole only.
B)  vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole only.
C)  both vasodilation and vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole.
D)  both vasodilation of the afferent arteriole and vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Kidney shrinkage with age is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  spooling of collecting ducts.
B)  loss of glomeruli.
C)  merging of proximal and distal convoluted tubules.
D)  proliferating nephron loops.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following would increase the rate of glomerular filtration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased blood pressure
B)  Increased blood pressure
C)  A constricted afferent arteriole
D)  A dilated efferent arterioleE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 6

As a result of very low arterial blood pressure,glomerular hydrostatic pressure

Accepted Answer

A)  rises and filtration increases.
B)  rises and filtration decreases.
C)  drops and filtration increases.
D)  drops and filtration decreases.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Marvin goes on vacation to Maine and for a week eats nothing but seafood.The next week,he experiences intense pain in his big toe.He probably has

Accepted Answer

A)  Balkan endemic nephropathy.
B)  diuresis.
C)  edema.
D)  gout.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

As a consequence of widespread edema associated with nephrotic syndrome,blood volume

Accepted Answer

A)  increases and blood pressure drops.
B)  decreases and blood pressure drops.
C)  increases and blood pressure rises.
D)  decreases and blood pressure rises.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Barbara has the disease gout.The inflammation and pain in her joints is due to excess _____________ in her plasma,which leads to crystal deposits in her great toe joint.

Accepted Answer

A)  uric acid
B)  urea
C)  calcium ions
D)  amino acidsE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

The micturition reflex center is in the

Accepted Answer

A)  sacral segments of the spinal cord.
B)  medulla oblongata.
C)  pons.
D)  hypothalamus.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Peristaltic waves force urine along the length of the ureter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

An increase in glomerular osmotic pressure ________ the rate of glomerular filtration.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases
B)  decreases
C)  does not change
D)  has a variable effect onE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Up to ______ of urea is filtered and recycled.

Accepted Answer

A)  33%
B)  55%
C)  80%
D)  100%E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

The glomerular capsule is composed of two layers of squamous epithelial cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following correctly lists the order of structures through which urine flows after its formation in the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  calyx,renal pelvis,ureter,urinary bladder,urethra
B)  renal pelvis,calyx,ureter,urinary bladder,urethra
C)  calyx,renal pelvis,urethra,ureter,urinary bladder
D)  renal pelvis,calyx,urinary bladder,ureter,urethraE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

The composition of glomerular filtrate differs from that of plasma by including

Accepted Answer

A)  many different substances that are absent from plasmA.
B)  the same substances as plasma except for larger protein molecules.
C)  less water and electrolytes than does plasma.
D)  much more uric acid and creatinine than plasma.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular capsule.
B)  peritubular capillaries.
C)  glomerular capillaries.
D)  collecting ducts.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

A decrease in the glomerular capsule hydrostatic pressure will _____ the rate of glomerular filtration.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase
B)  decrease
C)  not change
D)  have a variable effect onE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

A __________ is a tubular organ that transports urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________ is a tubular organ that...

Question 20

Many hydrogen ions are secreted between the plasma in the peritubular capillaries and the filtrate in the nephron loop.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 20: Urinary System

Which of the following would increase the rate of glomerular filtration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A decrease in the glomerular capsule hydrostatic pressure will _____ the rate of glomerular filtration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a result of very low arterial blood pressure,glomerular hydrostatic pressure

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which choice describes the countercurrent mechanism of the nephron loop?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Peristaltic waves force urine along the length of the ureter.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The micturition reflex center is in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a consequence of widespread edema associated with nephrotic syndrome,blood volume

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Barbara has the disease gout.The inflammation and pain in her joints is due to excess _____________ in her plasma,which leads to crystal deposits in her great toe joint.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly lists the order of structures through which urine flows after its formation in the nephron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A __________ is a tubular organ that transports urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Filtration rate in the glomerulus is increased by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The glomerular capsule is composed of two layers of squamous epithelial cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Up to ______ of urea is filtered and recycled.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many hydrogen ions are secreted between the plasma in the peritubular capillaries and the filtrate in the nephron loop.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The composition of glomerular filtrate differs from that of plasma by including

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kidney shrinkage with age is due to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shigatoxin is associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An increase in glomerular osmotic pressure ________ the rate of glomerular filtration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marvin goes on vacation to Maine and for a week eats nothing but seafood.The next week,he experiences intense pain in his big toe.He probably has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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