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Which of the variables affecting option pricing is not directly observable? If this variable is estimated to be higher or lower than the variable actually is how is the option valuation affected?

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The volatility of the underlying stock i...

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The elasticity of a stock call option is always


A) greater than one.
B) smaller than one.
C) negative.
D) infinite.
E) none of these.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Prior to expiration


A) the intrinsic value of a call option is greater than its actual value.
B) the intrinsic value of a call option is always positive.
C) the actual value of call option is greater than the intrinsic value.
D) the intrinsic value of a call option is always greater than its time value.
E) none of these.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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If the hedge ratio for a stock call is 0.70,the hedge ratio for a put with the same expiration date and exercise price as the call would be ______.


A) 0.70
B) 0.30
C) -0.70
D) -0.30
E) -.17

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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As the underlying stock's price increased,the call option valuation function's slope approaches


A) zero.
B) one.
C) two times the value of the stock.
D) one-half time s the value of the stock.
E) infinity

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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The Black-Scholes formula assumes that I.the risk-free interest rate is constant over the life of the option. II.the stock price volatility is constant over the life of the option. III.the expected rate of return on the stock is constant over the life of the option. IV.there will be no sudden extreme jumps in stock prices.


A) I and II
B) I and III
C) II and II
D) I,II and IV
E) I,II,III,and IV

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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An American call option buyer on a non-dividend paying stock will


A) always exercise the call as soon as it is in the money.
B) only exercise the call when the stock price exceeds the previous high
C) never exercise the call early.
D) buy an offsetting put whenever the stock price drops below the strike price.
E) none of these.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A put option on the S&P 500 index will best protect ________


A) a portfolio of 100 shares of IBM stock.
B) a portfolio of 50 bonds.
C) a portfolio that corresponds to the S&P 500.
D) a portfolio of 50 shares of AT&T and 50 shares of Xerox stocks.
E) a portfolio that replicates the Dow.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Since deltas change as stock values change,portfolio hedge ratios must be constantly updated in active markets.This process is referred to as


A) portfolio insurance.
B) rebalancing.
C) option elasticity.
D) gamma hedging.
E) dynamic hedging.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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A hedge ratio for a call is always


A) equal to one.
B) greater than one.
C) between zero and one
D) between minus one and zero.
E) of no restricted value

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In volatile markets,dynamic hedging may be difficult to implement because


A) prices move too quickly for effective rebalancing.
B) as volatility increases,historical deltas are too low.
C) price quotes may be delayed so that correct hedge ratios cannot be computed.
D) volatile markets may cause trading halts.
E) all of these.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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All the inputs in the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model are directly observable except


A) the price of the underlying security.
B) the risk free rate of interest.
C) the time to expiration.
D) the variance of returns of the underlying asset return.
E) none of these.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Options sellers who are delta-hedging would most likely


A) sell when markets are falling
B) buy when markets are rising
C) both a and b.
D) sell whether markets are falling or rising.
E) buy whether markets are falling or rising.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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A hedge ratio of 0.70 implies that a hedged portfolio should consist of


A) long 0.70 calls for each short stock.
B) short 0.70 calls for each long stock.
C) long 0.70 shares for each short call.
D) long 0.70 shares for each long call.
E) none of these.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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If the hedge ratio for a stock call is 0.60,the hedge ratio for a put with the same expiration date and exercise price as the call would be


A) 0.60
B) 0.40
C) -0.60
D) -0.40
E) -.17

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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The price of a stock put option is __________ correlated with the stock price and __________ correlated with the striking price.


A) positively,positively
B) negatively,positively
C) negatively,negatively
D) positively,negatively
E) not,not

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Empirical tests of the Black-Scholes option pricing model


A) show that the model generates values fairly close to the prices at which options trade.
B) show that the model tends to overvalue deep in the money calls and undervalue deep out of the money calls.
C) indicate that the mispricing that does occur is due to the possible early exercise of American options on dividend-paying stocks.
D) a and c.
E) a,b,and c.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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