Question 1

Jenkins and Russell (1952)  presented a list of words like "chair, apple, dish, shoe, cherry, sofa" to participants. In a test, participants recalled the words in a different order than the order in which they were originally presented. This result occurred because of the

Accepted Answer

A)   tendency of objects in the same category to become organized.
B)   effect of proactive interference.
C)   way objects like dishes and shoes are encoded visually.
D)   way the phonological loop reorganizes information based on sound during rehearsal.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above A

Question 2

Experimental evidence suggesting that the standard model of consolidation needs to be revised are data that show that the hippocampus was activated during retrieval of ___________ memories.

Accepted Answer

A)   recent and remote episodic
B)   recent and remote semantic
C)   recent episodic
D)   remote semanticE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

How would you describe the relationship between elaborative rehearsal and maintenance rehearsal in terms of establishing long-term memories?

Accepted Answer

A)   Elaborative is more effective than maintenance.
B)   Maintenance is more effective than elaborative.
C)   Both are equally effective in all learning circumstances.
D)   Each one is sometimes more effective, depending on the learning circumstances.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The concept of reconsolidation is based on the ________ of retrieved memories.

Accepted Answer

A)   classification
B)   emotionality
C)   potentiation
D)   fragilityE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

You have been studying for weeks for a nursing school entrance exam. You love the idea of becoming a nurse, and you have been enjoying learning about the material for your exam. Each night, you put on comfortable clothes and study in the quiet of your lovely home. Memory research suggests you should take your test with a(n)  ________ mindset.

Accepted Answer

A)   excited
B)   relaxed
C)   nervous
D)   neutralE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

The concept of encoding specificity is grounded in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Task
B)   Structure
C)   Mood
D)   LocationE) None of the above
F) B) and C) D

Question 7

Transfer-appropriate processing is likely to occur if

Accepted Answer

A)   the person remembering generates their own retrieval cues.
B)   the type of encoding task matches the type of retrieval task.
C)   there is deep processing during acquisition of the new material.
D)   imagery is used to create connections among items to be transferred into long-term memory.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Explain the logic behind the statement that "the pen is mightier than the keyboard." Be sure to include concepts related to long-term memory in your response.

Accepted Answer

Handwriting engages the brain more deepl...

Question 9

Which of the following learning techniques is LEAST likely to lead to deep processing of the information?

Accepted Answer

A)   Terrell is trying to understand how to use statistics by drawing associations between a set of data describing how adolescents respond to peer pressure and the theories he learned last semester in developmental psychology.
B)   Maggie is trying to learn new vocabulary words because she is taking the SAT next month. Each day, she selects one word. Throughout the day, she repeats the definition over and over to herself and generates sentences using it in her conversations that day.
C)   Thuy has just bought a new car and is trying to learn her new license plate sequence. Every morning, for three weeks, she repeats the sequence out loud when she wakes up.
D)   For his history course, Jorge is trying to learn the order of the U.S. presidents by creating a silly sentence where each consecutive word starts with the same letter of the next president to be remembered.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Which statement below is most closely associated with levels of processing theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Information enters memory by passing through a number of levels, beginning with sensory memory, then short-term memory, then long-term memory.
B)   Events that are repeated enough can influence our behavior, even after we have forgotten the original events.
C)   Deep processing involves paying closer attention to a stimulus than shallow processing and results in better processing.
D)   People who were sad when they studied did better when they were sad during testing.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following tasks will produce the best long-term memory for a set of words?

Accepted Answer

A)   Making a connection between each word and something you've previously learned
B)   Deciding how many vowels each word has
C)   Generating a rhyming word for each word to be remembered
D)   Repeating the words over and over in your mindE) B) and C)
F) B) and D) A

Question 12

Which example below best demonstrates state-dependent learning?

Accepted Answer

A)   Last night, at the grocery store, DeShaun ran into a psychology professor he took a class with three semesters ago. He recognized her right away.
B)   Even though Walt hasn't been to the beach cottage his parents owned since he was a child, he still has many fond memories of time spent there as a family.
C)   Although Emily doesn't very often think about her first love, Steve, she can't help getting caught up in happy memories when "their song" (the first song they danced to)  plays on the radio.
D)   Carmen always suffers test anxiety in her classes. To combat this, she tries to relax when she studies. She thinks it's best to study while lying in bed, reading by candlelight with soft music playing.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

In the experiment conducted by Viskontas and coworkers using picture pairs, a participant's later experience of familiarity with a particular pair was coded as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   "sense."
B)   "know."
C)   "think."
D)   "remember."E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Describe the principle and process underlying the memory work conducted with people who have PTSD. Be sure to use core concepts from the chapter in your response.

Accepted Answer

PTSD will have an impact on an individua...

Question 15

Bransford and Johnson's study had participants hear a passage, which turned out to be about a man on the street serenading his girlfriend in a tall building. The wording of the passage made it difficult to understand, but looking at a picture made it easier to understand. The results of this study illustrated the importance of ___________ in forming reliable long-term memories.

Accepted Answer

A)   implicit memory
B)   organizational context
C)   reconsolidation
D)   imageryE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Research into reconsolidation of memories in people who have PTSD has focused on the ________ aspects of memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   episodic
B)   visual
C)   emotional
D)   systemicE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Lakeisha and Kim have been studying for two hours for their chemistry exam. Both girls are tired of studying. Lakeisha decides to watch a two-hour movie on DVD, while Kim decides to go to bed. What would you predict about their performance on the chemistry exam?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lakeisha performs better because of consolidation.
B)   Kim performs better because of consolidation.
C)   Lakeisha performs better because of encoding specificity.
D)   Kim performs better because of encoding specificity.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

When the methods used to encode and retrieve information are the same, this is called ________ processing.

Accepted Answer

A)   state-dependent
B)   stimulus-fluency
C)   transfer-appropriate
D)   recall-potentiationE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

People often report an annoying memory failure when they walk from one end of the house to the other for something and then forget what they wanted when they reach their destination. As soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. This common experience best illustrates the principle of

Accepted Answer

A)   the self-reference effect.
B)   maintenance rehearsal.
C)   levels of processing theory.
D)   encoding specificity.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

James Nairne would say that effective encoding of memory is based on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rehearsal
B)   Survival
C)   Specificity
D)   MoodE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 7: Long-Term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation

Jenkins and Russell (1952) presented a list of words like "chair, apple, dish, shoe, cherry, sofa" to participants. In a test, participants recalled the words in a different order than the order in which they were originally presented. This result occurred because of the

Correct Answer
verified
A

Experimental evidence suggesting that the standard model of consolidation needs to be revised are data that show that the hippocampus was activated during retrieval of ___________ memories.

Correct Answer
verified

How would you describe the relationship between elaborative rehearsal and maintenance rehearsal in terms of establishing long-term memories?

Correct Answer
verified

The concept of reconsolidation is based on the ________ of retrieved memories.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The concept of encoding specificity is grounded in which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Transfer-appropriate processing is likely to occur if

Correct Answer
verified

Explain the logic behind the statement that "the pen is mightier than the keyboard." Be sure to include concepts related to long-term memory in your response.

Correct Answer
verified
Handwriting engages the brain more deepl...
View Answer

Which of the following learning techniques is LEAST likely to lead to deep processing of the information?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement below is most closely associated with levels of processing theory?

Correct Answer
verified

According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following tasks will produce the best long-term memory for a set of words?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Which example below best demonstrates state-dependent learning?

Correct Answer
verified

In the experiment conducted by Viskontas and coworkers using picture pairs, a participant's later experience of familiarity with a particular pair was coded as ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the principle and process underlying the memory work conducted with people who have PTSD. Be sure to use core concepts from the chapter in your response.

Correct Answer
verified
PTSD will have an impact on an individua...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Research into reconsolidation of memories in people who have PTSD has focused on the ________ aspects of memory.

Correct Answer
verified

Lakeisha and Kim have been studying for two hours for their chemistry exam. Both girls are tired of studying. Lakeisha decides to watch a two-hour movie on DVD, while Kim decides to go to bed. What would you predict about their performance on the chemistry exam?

Correct Answer
verified

When the methods used to encode and retrieve information are the same, this is called ________ processing.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

James Nairne would say that effective encoding of memory is based on which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Long-Term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation

Jenkins and Russell (1952) presented a list of words like "chair, apple, dish, shoe, cherry, sofa" to participants. In a test, participants recalled the words in a different order than the order in which they were originally presented. This result occurred because of the

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Experimental evidence suggesting that the standard model of consolidation needs to be revised are data that show that the hippocampus was activated during retrieval of ___________ memories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How would you describe the relationship between elaborative rehearsal and maintenance rehearsal in terms of establishing long-term memories?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept of reconsolidation is based on the ________ of retrieved memories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concept of encoding specificity is grounded in which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Transfer-appropriate processing is likely to occur if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the logic behind the statement that "the pen is mightier than the keyboard." Be sure to include concepts related to long-term memory in your response.

Correct AnswerverifiedHandwriting engages the brain more deepl...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following learning techniques is LEAST likely to lead to deep processing of the information?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement below is most closely associated with levels of processing theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following tasks will produce the best long-term memory for a set of words?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which example below best demonstrates state-dependent learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the experiment conducted by Viskontas and coworkers using picture pairs, a participant's later experience of familiarity with a particular pair was coded as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the principle and process underlying the memory work conducted with people who have PTSD. Be sure to use core concepts from the chapter in your response.

Correct AnswerverifiedPTSD will have an impact on an individua...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research into reconsolidation of memories in people who have PTSD has focused on the ________ aspects of memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lakeisha and Kim have been studying for two hours for their chemistry exam. Both girls are tired of studying. Lakeisha decides to watch a two-hour movie on DVD, while Kim decides to go to bed. What would you predict about their performance on the chemistry exam?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the methods used to encode and retrieve information are the same, this is called ________ processing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

James Nairne would say that effective encoding of memory is based on which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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D

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Handwriting engages the brain more deepl...
View Answer

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A

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PTSD will have an impact on an individua...
View Answer

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