Question 1

The kidneys are the organs that are primarily responsible for maintaining constancy of the volume and electrolyte composition of the internal fluid environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) :
-is secreted from the granular cells of the renal juxtaglomerular apparatus

Accepted Answer

A)  renin
B)  angiotensinogen
C)  angiotensin I
D)  angiotensin II
E)  aldosteroneF) atrial natriuretic peptideG) A) and B)
H) A) and C)

Question 3

Which part of the juxtamedullary nephron is responsible for establishing the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   collecting duct
B)   afferent arteriole
C)   loop of Henle
D)   juxtaglomerular apparatusE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT true about the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Accepted Answer

A)   actively transports NaCl into the surrounding interstitial fluid.
B)   is impermeable to water.
C)   is found in the renal cortex.D) B) and C)
E) All of the above

Question 5

What is NOT associated with juxtamedullary nephrons?

Accepted Answer

A)   glomeruli located in medulla
B)   long loops of Henle
C)   peritubular capillaries form vasa recta
D)   an important role in the ability of the kidneys to produce urine of varying concentrationE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The kidneys receive a disproportionately large share of the cardiac output for the purpose of adjusting and purifying the plasma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What are the distal and collecting tubules the site of?

Accepted Answer

A)   the co-transport carriers for glucose and amino acid reabsorption
B)   the organic ion secretory systems
C)   aldosterone and vasopressin action
D)   glucose reabsorptionE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

The two regions of the kidney are an outer ____________________ and an inner ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two regions of the kidney are...

Question 9

GFR = ____________________ ?6? ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Kf,net filtration pr...

Question 10

The tubular fluid is _____ as it enters Bowman's capsule,_____ at the beginning of the loop of Henle,_____ at the tip of the loop,and _____ as it leaves the loop to enter the distal tubule.

Accepted Answer

A)   isotonic, hypertonic, hypertonic, isotonic
B)   isotonic, isotonic, hypotonic, hypotonic
C)   isotonic, isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic
D)   hypertonic, hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonicE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

The tubular cells display a Tm for urea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code:
-ureter

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting tubules empty into this structure
B)  stores the urine
C)  passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen
D)  carries blood to the glomerulus
E)  tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrateF) passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsuleG) urine is forced through this structure by peristalsisH) collects the glomerular filtrateI) passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillariesJ) functional unit of the kidneyK) supplies the renal tissue with O2 and nutrientsL) carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary networkM) tube through which urine leaves the bodyN) variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal controlO) responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidneyP) glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur hereQ) B) and C)
R) M) and O)

Question 13

The clearance rate for inulin is greater than the GFR.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Plasma proteins are normally filtered in the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The presence of vasopressin acts to prevent the reabsorption of water from the distal and collecting tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which statement with regards to plasma clearance is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is the time required to filter blood in the glomerulus.
B)   It is the amount of a substance appearing in the urine in one minute.
C)   It is the amount of a substance filtered in one minute.
D)   It is the volume of plasma that is completely cleared of a substance by the kidneys in one minute.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which statement about ADH is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is also called vasopressin.
B)   It is not secreted if the body consumes large amounts of water.
C)   It is produced by the distal convoluted tubule.
D)   It is secreted if the body fluids become hypertonic.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

What is NOT a function of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)   excretion of metabolic wastes
B)   maintaining proper plasma volume
C)   secreting aldosterone to regulate sodium
D)   maintaining proper osmolarity of body fluidsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Vasopressin is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is true about blood that flows through the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)   normally about 20 to 25 percent of the total cardiac output.
B)   all filtered through the glomeruli.
C)   all used to supply the renal tissue with O2 and nutrients.
D)   normally about 40 percent of the total cardiac output.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Exam 12: The Urinary System

The tubular cells display a Tm for urea.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tubular fluid is _____ as it enters Bowman's capsule,_____ at the beginning of the loop of Henle,_____ at the tip of the loop,and _____ as it leaves the loop to enter the distal tubule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The presence of vasopressin acts to prevent the reabsorption of water from the distal and collecting tubules.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is NOT a function of the kidneys?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -is secreted from the granular cells of the renal juxtaglomerular apparatus

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma proteins are normally filtered in the nephron.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about blood that flows through the kidneys?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is NOT associated with juxtamedullary nephrons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two regions of the kidney are an outer ____________________ and an inner ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of the juxtamedullary nephron is responsible for establishing the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -ureter

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys are the organs that are primarily responsible for maintaining constancy of the volume and electrolyte composition of the internal fluid environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement with regards to plasma clearance is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The clearance rate for inulin is greater than the GFR.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vasopressin is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

GFR = ____________________ ?6? ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedKf,net filtration pr...View AnswerShow Answer

The kidneys receive a disproportionately large share of the cardiac output for the purpose of adjusting and purifying the plasma.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about ADH is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the distal and collecting tubules the site of?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The tubular fluid is ___ as it enters Bowman's capsule,_ at the beginning of the loop of Henle,_ at the tip of the loop,and ___ as it leaves the loop to enter the distal tubule.

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The two regions of the kidney are an outer and an inner .

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GFR = ?6? .

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Kf,net filtration pr...
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