Question 1

The principal government agency responsible for tracking infectious diseases in the United States is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
B)   World Health Organization
C)   National Institutes of Health
D)   United States Department of Agriculture
E)   Infection Control CommitteeF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

In an experiment to determine the infectious dose for a specific organism, 50% of the test subjects must develop the disease following a specific dose. This is quantified as the (ID50)  and is a measure of the pathogenicity of that organism. Assess the following data from an experiment involving 200 mice and determine the ID50 for the infectious agent. Infectious Dose Living Mice Dead Mice
103 190 10
104 150 50
105 120 80
106 100 100
107 0 200

Accepted Answer

A)   103 organisms
B)   104 organisms
C)   105 organisms
D)   106 organismsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 3

The greatest number of pathogens enter the body through the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   respiratory system
B)   gastrointestinal system
C)   urinary system
D)   genital system
E)   skinF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Koch's postulates are easily satisfied for viral diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A ________ is the presence of small numbers of bacteria in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacteremia
B)   septicemia
C)   viremia
D)   toxemia
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Which of the following terms most appropriately describes the role of the raccoon in the patient's exposure to infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Living reservoir
B)   Nonliving reservoir
C)   Carrier
D)   Biological vectorE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Secondary infection - infection spreads to several tissue sites
B)   Mixed infection - several agents established at infection site
C)   Acute infection - rapid onset of severe, short-lived symptoms
D)   Local infection - pathogen remains at or near entry site
E)   Toxemia - pathogen's toxins carried by the blood to target tissuesF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

Virulence factors include all the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   capsules
B)   ribosomes
C)   exoenzymes
D)   endotoxins
E)   exotoxinsF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

In 2003 over 500 people throughout the United States became ill with hepatitis A that was traced to green onions grown in Mexico. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   a common-source epidemic
B)   a propagated epidemic
C)   a pandemic
D)   an endemic diseaseE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are

Accepted Answer

A)   in food.
B)   the patient's own normal biota.
C)   on fomites.
D)   in the air.
E)   transmitted from one person to another.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 11

You are diligent to prevent the spread of disease to other patients. Which of the following is the most appropriate type of isolation for this patient, considering the portal of exit for the pathogen in this case?

Accepted Answer

A)   Standard isolation (gloves) 
B)   Contact isolation (gown and gloves) 
C)   Droplet isolation (gown, gloves, and mask) 
D)   Airborne isolation (gown, gloves, mask, and negative airflow room) E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

A sign is

Accepted Answer

A)   an objective indication of disease.
B)   a subjective indication of disease.
C)   measurable by health care personnel.
D)   temperature.
E)   Both objective indication of disease and measurable by health care personnel are correct.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

The total number of deaths in a population due to a disease is the ________ rate.

Accepted Answer

A)   morbidity
B)   mortality
C)   incidence
D)   endemic
E)   pandemicF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

If the patient develops rabies infection, you know that it must be reported to local and state public health officials. Which of the following diseases is also reportable in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pinworm infection
B)   Fifth disease
C)   EBV infection
D)   CholeraE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

________ are toxins that are the lipopolysaccharide of the outer membrane of gram-negative cell walls.

Accepted Answer

A)   Exotoxins
B)   Endotoxins
C)   Enterotoxins
D)   Leukocidins
E)   HemolysinsF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Local edema, swollen lymph nodes, fever, soreness, and abscesses are indications of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   toxemia
B)   inflammation
C)   sequelae
D)   a syndrome
E)   latencyF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

Reservoirs include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   humans
B)   animals
C)   soil
D)   water
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention assigns the most virulent microbes known to cause human disease to biosafety level 4.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

As the RN, you educate the new nurses about the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections. All of the following are frequent sources of patient infection, except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   urinary catheter
B)   endotracheal tube
C)   surgical incision
D)   hospital bedsE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

The patient's sputum culture returns a positive result for Streptococcus pneumoniae. As the RN, you are aware this capsule-forming bacterium possesses virulence factors to make it difficult to treat. In providing education to the patient regarding the disease process, which of the following statements is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Fluid is building up in your lungs because of the body's persistent inflammatory response to the microbe."
B)   "This bacterium secretes toxins that directly damage your lungs."
C)   "Fragments of this bacterium's cell wall directly harm your lungs."
D)   "Fluid is building up in your lungs because white blood cells are effectively lysing the encapsulated bacteria."E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 11: Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

The total number of deaths in a population due to a disease is the ________ rate.

Correct Answer
verified

________ are toxins that are the lipopolysaccharide of the outer membrane of gram-negative cell walls.

Correct Answer
verified

Local edema, swollen lymph nodes, fever, soreness, and abscesses are indications of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct Answer
verified

As the RN, you educate the new nurses about the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections. All of the following are frequent sources of patient infection, except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The greatest number of pathogens enter the body through the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

If the patient develops rabies infection, you know that it must be reported to local and state public health officials. Which of the following diseases is also reportable in the United States?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Koch's postulates are easily satisfied for viral diseases.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following terms most appropriately describes the role of the raccoon in the patient's exposure to infection?

Correct Answer
verified

The principal government agency responsible for tracking infectious diseases in the United States is the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

A ________ is the presence of small numbers of bacteria in the blood.

Correct Answer
verified

Reservoirs include ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A sign is

Correct Answer
verified

Virulence factors include all the following except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention assigns the most virulent microbes known to cause human disease to biosafety level 4.

Correct Answer
verified

In 2003 over 500 people throughout the United States became ill with hepatitis A that was traced to green onions grown in Mexico. This is an example of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

You are diligent to prevent the spread of disease to other patients. Which of the following is the most appropriate type of isolation for this patient, considering the portal of exit for the pathogen in this case?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 11: Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

The total number of deaths in a population due to a disease is the ________ rate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ are toxins that are the lipopolysaccharide of the outer membrane of gram-negative cell walls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Local edema, swollen lymph nodes, fever, soreness, and abscesses are indications of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the RN, you educate the new nurses about the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections. All of the following are frequent sources of patient infection, except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The greatest number of pathogens enter the body through the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the patient develops rabies infection, you know that it must be reported to local and state public health officials. Which of the following diseases is also reportable in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Koch's postulates are easily satisfied for viral diseases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms most appropriately describes the role of the raccoon in the patient's exposure to infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The principal government agency responsible for tracking infectious diseases in the United States is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ________ is the presence of small numbers of bacteria in the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reservoirs include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A sign is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Virulence factors include all the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention assigns the most virulent microbes known to cause human disease to biosafety level 4.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 2003 over 500 people throughout the United States became ill with hepatitis A that was traced to green onions grown in Mexico. This is an example of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are diligent to prevent the spread of disease to other patients. Which of the following is the most appropriate type of isolation for this patient, considering the portal of exit for the pathogen in this case?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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